Consistency of feeding
A good feeding must contain the three basis components: carbohydrates (fuel), fats (combustion and building material) and proteins (building material and if carbohydrates have been consumed as well as fuel). Moreover food must contain the necessary vitamins, minerals and sufficient water.
Feeding endurance sportsmen and sportswomen
Because endurance sportsmen and sportswomen consume many carbohydrates they must eat carbohydrate rich. For this reason the recommended feeding percentages for endurance sportsmen and sportswomen are 60% carbohydrates, 15% proteins and 25% fats. Too much fat and too few carbohydrates are frequently eaten. Also there can easily arise a vitamin B, iron and magnesium shortages arise, because these are involved in energy combustion. Must be watched out for an proteins shortage, because muscle mass go lost. The proteins share in the total energy value of the meal can also not too large: never more than twenty per cent. Moreover drink about three liter each day.
Some important nutrition rules
- Avoid sugars such as white, brown, beet, cane and grape sugar. These are quickly absorbed into the blood, causing the insulin level to rise.
- Avoid hard fats. Cut fat and skin away from meat.
- Use semi-skimmed or even skimmed milk products.
- Eat more fish; fish also contains less fat.
- Use nuts and seeds as snacks.
Tips for food preparation
Many vitamins and minerals can be absorbed during the preparation of the food be lost. The following rules limit that loss.
- Keep food dark and cool.
- Wash food quickly and then cut it.
- Cook as briefly as possible in a small amount of water with a lid on the pan.
- Keep the cooking water with the meal as much as possible (for example in sauces).
- Eat the food immediately after preparation.
The energy consumption for different activities
Running
When running, the energy consumption per hour is equal to: 1.012 kcal * the walking speed * body weight.
Below is a table in which the energy consumption per hour per kilogram of body weight is calculated for different walking speeds. Also is
to read the consumption for someone of 60 kg.
| Energy Consumption Running | ||
| Pace/hour | Consumption/hour | Use someone of 60kg/hour |
| 8 km | 8.0 kcal | 480 kcal |
| 10km | 10.0 kcal | 600 kcal |
| 11 km | 11.0 kcal | 660 kcal |
| 12 km | 12.0 kcal | 720 kcal |
| 15km | 15.0 kcal | 900 kcal |
| 18km | 18.0 kcal | 1080 kcal |
Some other activities
| Energy consumption different activities | ||
| Activity | Consumption/hour | Use someone of 60kg/hour |
| Sleep | 0.93 kcal | 56 kcal |
| Stand | 1.04 kcal | 62 kcal |
| Sit | 1.20 kcal | 72 kcal |
| Walking (3km/h) | 2.50 kcal | 150 kcal |
| Walking (6km/h) | 5.00 kcal | 300 kcal |
| Swim (quiet) | 4.00 kcal | 240 kcal |
| Swim (20 min/km) | 11.00 kcal | 660 kcal |
| Cycling (20km/h) | 8.00 kcal | 480 kcal |
| Cycling (25km/h) | 10.00 kcal | 600 kcal |
| Cycling (30km/h) | 13.00 kcal | 780 kcal |
| Cycling (35km/h) | 17.00 kcal | 1020 kcal |
| Fitness (normal) | 4.00 kcal | 240 kcal |
| Fitness (heavy) | 9.00 kcal | 540 kcal |
Calculation energy usage
See: Energy usage by sport (tip)
Energy usage per day
See: Calculation calorie usage per day (tip)